INTRODUCTION OF DAMS & HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES

 INTRODUCTION OF DAM

Definition:- Dam obstructs the riverbank, to store the water for hydropower generation, domestic use, irrigation, navigation purpose and flood control.

Components of dams:-

1. Crest
2. Parapet wall
3. Heel
4. Toe
5. Spillway
6. Free Board
7. Sluiceway
8. Gallery 

 Type of dams:-

• Gravity dam
• Arch dam 
• Buttress dam
• Embankment dam
• Hydropower dam
• Cofferdam
• Steel dam
• Debris dam
• Diversion dam
• Concrete dam
• Overflow dam
• Non-Overflow dam
• Earthen dam
• Timber dam

Introduction of Hydraulic Structures

    

Definition:- Hydraulic structure a fully submerged or partially submerged structure used to disrupt the natural flow and to stop the flow and can be used to change the flow of water.

Examples:-

• Canal or drainage, canal falls, regulators, outlets.
• Headworks - weirs, Barrages.
• Cross drainage work (aqueduct, siphon).
• Culverts, Bridges & outlet works.
• Energy dissipation.
• Breakwater, jetties, groins, headlands.